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* A **static method** is a method that does not depend on object or class data.* It is defined using the **`@staticmethod` decorator**.* It behaves...
* A **class method** is bound to the class, not the object.* It uses **`cls`** to refer to the class.* It is used to **access or modify class variab...
The evolution of the Internet reflects advancements in technology, communication, and human collaboration. From its humble beginnings as ARPANET to to...
Writing efficient code Solving competitive programming problems Cracking technical interviews
Data structures form the foundation of efficient programming. Choosing the appropriate data structure for a problem is essential for optimizing perfor...
* **Linear DS:** Array, Linked List, Stack, Queue, Deque* **Non-Linear DS:** Tree, Graph, Heap, Trie* **Special DS:** Hash Table
OOP is based on **objects and classes** Main characteristics: * **Encapsulation** → Data hiding * **Abstraction** → Hiding complexity * **Inh...
An **object** is an instance of a class. It contains **data and methods**. Objects are created using the class name. Each object has its own **mem...
A **class** is a blueprint for creating objects. Objects are instances of a class. Classes contain **attributes and methods**. `__init__` is a con...
**Type casting** is converting one data type to another. Two types: * **Implicit (automatic)** * **Explicit (manual)** Common functions: `int(...
`input()` is used to **take user input from the keyboard**. It returns data as a **string by default**. Type conversion is required for numeric ope...
**Variables** are used to store data in Python. Python is **dynamically typed**, so no need to declare data types. Data types define the **type of...